Mixed anxiety-depressive disorder in health workers, during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51481/amc.v65i3.1252Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2, Mental Health, Pharmacy, Nursing, Support StaffAbstract
Aim: To evaluate for mixed anxiety-depressive disorder in health care workers in the Pharmacy, Nursing and Support Staff during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Methods: A cross-sectional-analytical study was carried out from March to September 2020 in health care workers who were directly exposed to SARS-CoV-2 because of their work. A survey was conducted previous informed consent, with variables including age, sex, marital status, economic dependence, service in which they work, profession, working day, among others; with the participation of 200 volunteers, through a virtual link.
Results: A total of 127 health workers, that is, 63.5% of the sample, presented more than four symptoms suggestive mixed anxious-depressive disorder. The most predominant symptoms were worry (88.2%), fatigue (88.2%), lack of energy (78.0%) and sleep disorders (74.8%).
Conclusion: mixed anxiety-depressive disorder was prevalent during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Factors such as prolonged exposure to stressful scenarios, as well as female sex, not having a partner or belonging to an age group younger than 45 years old, can lead to the development of a mental disorder. It is therefore important to be able to identify the population at risk, provide the necessary support and follow-up, as well as the creation of protocols that provide guidance on how to act to ensure the integrity of health personnel.
Downloads
References
Sánchez-De la Cruz J, González-Castro T, Pool-García S, López-Narváez M, Tovilla-Zárate C. Estado emocional y psicológico del personal de enfermería agredido durante la pandemia de COVID-19 . Rev Colomb Psiquiat. 2021; 1-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2021.08.006
Shaukat N, Mansoor D, Razzak J. Physical and mental health impacts of COVID-19 on healthcare workers: a scoping review. Int J Emerg Med. 2020; 40:1-8. DOI: DOI:10.1186/s12245-020-00299-5
Xie Y, Xu E, Al-Aly Z. Risks of mental health outcomes in people with covid-19: cohort study. BMJ. 2022; 376: 1-13. DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-068993
Möller HJ, Bandelow B, Volz HP, Barnikol U, Seifritz E, Kasper S. The relevance of 'mixed anxiety and depression' as a diagnostic category in clinical practice. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2016; 266:725-736. DOI: 10.1007/s00406-016-0684-7
Torales J, O'Higgins M, Maia-Castaldelli J, Ventriglio A. The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2020; 66:317-320. DOI: 10.1177/0020764020915212
Lee HL, Wilson K, Bernstein C, Naicker N, Yassi A, Spiegel J. Psychological Distress in South African Healthcare Workers Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Associations and Mitigating Factors. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19:1-20. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159722
Lee S, Kang W, Cho AR, Kim T, Park J. Psychological impact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospital workers and quarantined hemodialysis patients in Comprehensive Psychiatry. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 2018; 87:123-127. DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.10.003
Cantor-Cruz F, McDouall-Lombana J, Parra A, Martin-Benito L, Paternina N, Gonzáles-Giraldo C, et al. Cuidado de la salud mental del personal de salud durante COVID-19: recomendaciones basadas en evidencia y consenso de expertos. Rev Colomb Psiquiat. 2021; 50:225-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2021.02.007
Espinoza-Ascurra G, Gonzales-Graus I, Meléndez-Marón M, Cabrera R. Prevalencia y factores asociados a depresión en personal de salud durante la pandemia de SARS-CoV-2 en el departamento de Piura, Perú. Rev Colomb Psiquiatr. 2022; 1-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2021.11.005
Carranza R, Mamani-Benito O, Quinteros-Zúñiga D, Farfán-Solís R. Preocupación por el contagio de la COVID-19 y carga laboral como predictores del malestar psicológico durante la emergencia sanitaria en personal de salud de Perú. Rev Colomb Psiquiatr. 2021; 1-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2021.06.005
Domínguez J, Herrera F, Villaverde M, Padilla I, Martínez M, Domínguez J. Síndrome de desgaste profesional en trabajadores de atención a la salud en el área sanitaria de Ceuta. Atención Primaria. 2012; 44:30-35. DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2011.01.004
Bedoya J, Pulido J, García J, Aguirre D, Cardeño C. Factores asociados con la intensidad de los síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en personal de salud de dos centros de referencia para la atención de pacientes con COVID-19 de Antioquia, Colombia. Un análisis de clases latentes. Rev Colomb Psiquiatr. 2021; 1-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2021.09.002
Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Network Open. 2020; 3:1-12. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
Paniagua-Ávila A, Ramírez D, Barrera-Pérez A, Calgua E, Castro C, Peralta-García A, et al. La salud mental de los trabajadores de salud en Guatemala durante la pandemia de COVID-19: resultados de base del estudio de cohortes HÉROES. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2022; 46:1-12. DOI: 10.26633/RPSP.2022.79
Rossi R, Socci V, Pacitti F, Lorenzo G, Marco A, Siracusano A, et al.Mental Health Outcomes Among Frontline and Second-Line Health Care Workers During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Italy. JAMA Network Open. 2020; 3:1-4. DOI: 10.1001/ jamanetworkopen.2020.10185
Caycedo M, Herrera S, Jiménez K. Descripción de los factores de riesgo para recaída en pacientes con diagnóstico de trastorno mental. Rev. Cienc. Salud. 2011; 9:141-158.
Elbay R, Kurtulmuş A, Arpacıo?lu S, Karadere E. Depression, anxiety, stress levels of physicians and associated factors in Covid-19 pandemics. Psychiatry Research. 2020; 290:1-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113130
Tella M, Romeo A, Benfante A, Castelli L. Mental health of healthcare workers during the COVID19 pandemic in Italy. Evaluation in Clinical Practice. 2020; 26:1583-1587. DOI: 10.1111/jep.13444
Rodas M, Vargas C, Sola J, Alvear S, Sánchez- del- Hierro G. Actitudes de los médicos ante un problema personal de salud: estudio cualitativo en profesionales de la ciudad de Quito. Rev Med Vozandes 2018; 29:7-11.
Gaber D, Ahmed M, Sayed A, Elkholy Y, Sarhan M. Perception of COVID-19-related stigma and associated psychological challenges among healthcare workers at Cairo University hospitals. PMID. 2023; 51:1-16. DOI: 10.1177/03000605221148833
Danet A. Impacto psicológico de la COVID-19 en profesionales sanitarios de primera línea en el ámbito occidental. Una revisión sistemática. Medicina Clínica. 2021;156: 449-458. DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2020.11.009
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Acta Médica Costarricense
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Los autores que publican en la revista Acta Médica Costarricense pueden distribuir, copiar, remezclar, retocar, leer, descargar, imprimir, buscar y crear a partir de su obra de modo no comercial, indicando los créditos a la revista y sus autores y compartir su obra en las mismas condiciones. Para ello se aplica la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional(CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
