Relapse of high grade follicular lymphoma in thyroid

Abstract

Follicular thyroid lymphoma is a rare entity that represents less than 2% of extranodal
lymphomas; and whose main risk factor is Hashimoto's thyroiditis. This tends to affect older
adult patients with greater predisposition, where it usually presents as a rapidly growing mass
with compromise of the adjacent structures in the neck. However, given its rare incidence,
this pathology should be suspected by the clinician for an early diagnosis. Although there
are currently no standardized management guidelines for this entity, it usually responds
well to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The present case describes the history of a patient
with a relapse of high-grade follicular-type NHL located in the thyroid who presented to the
emergency room with dysphonia, bilateral paralysis of the vocal cords, change in tone of
voice and dysphagia, with the history of high-grade follicular lymphoma in retroperitoneal
location in remission after 8 cycles of chemotherapy with Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide,
Doxorubicin, Vincristine and Prednisone, which presented cytoreduction after treatment
with chemotherapy with the protocol Rituximab, Dexamethasone, Cytarabine and Cisplatin.