Analysis and follow-up of patients with mediastinal tumors discharged from the metropolitan hospitals of Costa Rica during 1996
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51481/amc.v45i2.116Keywords:
tumores, tumores, mediastino, mediastino, linfoma, linfoma, timoma, timoma, teratoma, teratoma, coriocarcinoma, coriocarcinoma, seminoma, seminomaAbstract
Summary: Even though mediastinal tumors have been rarely studied in Costa Rica, our impression as clinicians is that we are seen more patients with this type of growths and that these are more frequently malignant.
Objective: To study all the patients in the whole country dis-charged with the diagnosis of ""mediastinal tumor"" and to follow them for 5 full years. According to the findings epi-demiological conclusions were drawn as well as the natural history of the tumors in relationship to the treatment pre-scribed.
Methods: All the patients discharged during 1996, from the4 main referral centers from Costa Rica with a mediastinal tumor were studied and followed for 5 complete years.
Results: A total of 101 individuals were diagnosed,58women and 43 men,52 had malignant tumors and 48 had benign tumors. Women had more thymomas, cysts, and neurogenic tumors and men had more germinal cell growths. The national incidence for the 1996 population was 2.9 and that for San Jose was 5.18 adjusted for its population then. However, Limon, Puntarenas and Guanacaste had lower rates than the national average. All benign tumors, thymomas and malignant neurogenic tumors were resected, although the latter were also treated with chemo and radiotherapy if needed. For some of the germinal cell tumors and for lymphomas chemo and radiotherapy was prescribed as well. During the follow up period 6 patients died, all had malignant disease and as for remaining 46 that are still alive5 had developed metastatic spread.
Conclusion: our incident of mediastinal tumors and their malignancy rate is high in comparison with international reports found in the literature. These figures are more apparent for the province of San Jose. The findings are shown according to different variables and the tumor s response to the treatments administered.
The conventional chest x-ray is still of paramount importance, in the diagnosis of mediastinal tumors.
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