Posttraumatic growth in pediatric oncologic patients

Abstract

Objective: to study resilience (post-traumatic growth) in pediatric cancer survivors who were treated in the Oncology Service of the National Children's Hospital, from January 1990 to December 2013.

Methods: descriptive study with cancer survivors who were in remission, for a time greater than or equal to 5 years. The clinical characteristics of the patients (sex, place of residence, age, type and location of the tumor, treatment received, presence of metastasis or relapse) were analyzed, as well as an interview on the psychosocial condition of the survivors, with emphasis on the consequences of the disease in their current life.

Results: 30 survivors of childhood cancer were interviewed and the clinical characteristics were analized. Among the results, the most common type o tumor found was non Hodgkin lymphoma (30%), followed by sarcomas (20%). The tumor locations mostly observed in these patients were in the head and neck (46.7%), followed by the abdomen and pelvis (26.7%). The most frequent treatment was the combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery (37.7%). But it should be noted that 80% of treated patients received chemotherapy as part of their treatment and the majority reported adverse effects and related difficulties. The most widely used surgical procedure was biopsy (53.3%). The majority of patients had no relapses (83.3%) or metastases (93.3%). Regarding their current condition, the average age at the time of the interview was 15.9 years, and the majority resided in the province of San José (40%), with their parents and siblings (36.7%). The majority indicated positive reactions to the diagnosis, with good and cooperative attitudes. The greatest socio-affective link described during their disease corresponds to family and friends and hospital health workers.

Conclusions: Although, with this work, generalizations cannot be made about patients in remission of childhood cancer, the information obtained allows us to indirectly know the psychosocial impact of the oncological disease in the current condition of a group of patients in our country, and highlights a positive attitude in survivors.