Malaria: una actualización
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51481/amc.v44i3.419Palabras clave:
Diagnóstico, Prevención, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodiun ovale, Tratamiento, Resistencia medicamentosa, Nuevos antimaláricosResumen
La malaria es una enfermedad infecciosa producida por un protozoario del género Plasmodium1, cuyas cuatro especies son infectantes para el humano: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale y P. malariae. La picadura del Anopheles inocula de 10 a 100 esporozoítos que en 30 minutos están en el hígado 2, 3 multiplicándose luego en los eritrocitos...........
Descargas
Citas
Protocolos de vigilancia epidemiológica.San José, Costa Rica,Ministerio de Salud, Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social, 1998.
Yang H M. Malaria transmission model for different levels of acquiredimmunity and temperature-dependent parameters (vector). Rev SaúdePública 2000; 34:223-231.
Chandar V, Mehta S R, Sharma P D, Sarkar P K et al. Falciparummalaria. Indian J Pediatr 1989; 56:365-369
Croft A. Malaria: prevention in travellers. BJM 2000; 321:154-160.
WHO Expert Committee on Malaria: twentieth report. World HealthOrgan Tech Rep Ser 2000.
Flessa S. Decision support for malaria-control programmes: a systemdynamics model. Health Care Manag Sci 1999; 2:181-191.
Wickramasinghe S N, Abdalla S H. Blood and bone marrow changesin malaria. Bailliere’ s Clinical Haematology 2000; 13:277-299.
Sharma A, Mishra N C. Inhibition of a protein tyrosine kinase activityin P. falciparum by chloroquine. Indian J Biochem Biophys 1999;36:299-304.
World Health Organization. Malaria: waiver by Uganda of taxes andtariffs on insecticide-treated nets. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2000; 75:233-240.
Graves P, Gelband H.Vaccines for preventing malaria review.Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000.
World Health Organization. World malaria situation in 1994. WklyEpidemiol Rec 1997; 69:309-314.
Plebanski M, Hill A V S. The immunology of malaria infection. CurrOpin Immunol 2000; 12:437-441.
Nosten F, van Vugt M, Price R, Luxemburger C, Thway K L, BrockmanA et al. Effects of artesunate-mefloquine combination on incidence ofP. falciparum malaria and mefloquine resistance in western Thailand: aprospective study. Lancet 2000; 356:297-302.
Baird J K. Resurgent malaria at the millenium: control strategies incrisis. Drugs 2000; 59:719-743.
Hastings I M, D’ Alessandro U. Modelling a predictable disaster: therise and spread of drug-resistance malaria. Parasitology Today 2000;16:340-347.
Kulkarni A V, Kasturi L, Amin A, Mashankar V. Therapy and drugresistance in malaria. Indian J Pediatr 2000; 67:33-35.
Normas Técnicas para el Control de la Malaria. San José, Costa Rica,Ministerio de Salud, Organización Panamericana de la Salud, 1997.
Memoria Anual 99. País sano con un sistema de salud avanzado.Ministerio de salud. San José, Costa Rica, 1999; 21-22.
Krudsood S,Wilairatana P,Mason D P,Treeprasertsuk S,Singhasivanon P, Looareesuwan S. Hidden P. falciparum infections.Southeast Asian J of Trop Med Public Health 1999; 30:623-624.
Cahill J D. Malaria with a positive “ monospot” test. J R Soc Med2000; 93:336.
Agarwal V K, Agarwal S, Pathak T. Splenic infarct in falciparummalaria. Indian Pediatr 1997; 34:1050-0151.
Krogstad D J. Malaria. En: Cecil, Tratado de medicina interna,México, Interamericana-McGraw Hill, 1994:2292-2296.
Gbadoé A D. À propos des céphalées dans le paludisme. Arch Pediatr2000; 7:569.
Warrell D A, Looareesuwan S, Warrell M J, Kasemsarn P, IntaraprasertR, Bunnag D et al. Dexamethasone proves deleterious in cerebralmalaria. A double-blind trial in 100 comatose patients. N Eng J Med1982; 306:31-39.
Looareesuwan S,Warrell D A, White N J,Sutharasamai P,Chanthavanich P, Sundaravej K et al. Do patients with cerebral malariahave cerebral oedema? A computed tomography study. Lancet 1983;1:434-437.
Philips R E, Warrell D A, White N J, Looareesuwan S, Karbwang J.Intravenous quinidina for the treatment of severe falciparum malaria.Clinical and pharmacokinetic studies. N Eng J Med 1985; 12:1273-1278.
White N J, Looareesuwan S, Warrell D A, Warrell M J, Bunnag D,Harinasuta T. Quinine pharmacokinetics and toxicity in cerebral anduncomplicated falciparum malaria. Am J Med 1982; 73:564-572.
Valecha N, Srivastava A, Sharma V P. Rational approach to thetreatment of malaria. Natl Med J India 1994; 7:281-287.
Warrell D A. Cerebral malaria: clinical features, pathophysiology andtreatment. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1997; 91:875-884.
Duffy P E, Fried M. Malaria during pregnancy: parasites, antibodiesand chondroitin sulphate A. Biochem Soc Trans 1999; 27:478-482.
McKenzie F E, Bossert W H. Mixed-species Plasmodiuminfections ofhumans. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999; 61:367-374.
Vythilingam I, Nitiavathy K, Yi P, Hugo B, Singh B, Wirtz R A et al. AHighly sensitive, nested polymerase chain reaction based method usingsimple DNA extraction to detect malaria sporozoites in mosquitos.Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1999; 30:631-635.
Delves C J, Goman M, Ridley R G et al. Identification of Plasmodiumfalciparuminfected mosquitos using a probe containing repetitiveDNA. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1989; 32:105-102.
Zabala F, Gwards R W, Collins F H, Nussenzweig R S, Nussenzweig V.Monoclonal antibodies to circumsporozoite proteins identify thespecies of malaria parasite in infected mosquitos. Nature 1982;299:737-8.
Burkot T R, Williams J L, Schneider I. Identification of Plasmodiumfalciparuminfected mosquitos by a double antibody enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1984; 33:783-8.
Beier J C, Perkin PV, Wirtz RA, Whirtmire RE, Magumbi M,Hochmeyer M, Field W T. Evaluation of an enzymes linkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Plasmodium falciparumdetection inanopheline mosquitos from Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1987;17:2135-6.
Stephens J K, Phanart K, Rooney W, Barnish G. A comparison of threemalaria diagnostic tests, under field conditions in northwest Thailand.Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1999; 30:625-630.
Manson-Bahr P, Bell D R. Manson ́s Tropical Diseases. 19thedn.1987; 26-29.
McIntosh H M, Olliaro P. Artemisinin derivates for treating severemalaria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000.
McIntosh H M, OlliaroP.Artemisinin derivates for treatinguncomplicated malaria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000.
McIntosh H M.Chloroquine or amodiaquine combinedwithsulfadoxina-pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicatedmalaria.Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000.
Drug Information Handbook. Pocket 1999-2000. Lacy CF, ArmstrongL L, Goldman M P, Lance LL. Lexi-Comp, Inc 1999, USA.
Nosten F, Luxemburger C, ter Kuile F et al. Treatment of multidrug-resistancePlasmodium falciparummalaria with 3-day artesunate-mefloquine combination. J Infect Dis 1994; 170:971-977.
Wernsdorfer W H. Epidemiology of drug resistance in malaria. ActaTropica 1994; 56:143-56.
Pinn G. Malaria treatment in Queensland. Med J Aust 2000; 172: 620-621.
White N J. Drug resistance in malaria. Br Med Bull 1998; 54:703-715.
Hien T, White N J. Qinghaosu. Lancet 1993; 341:603-608.
Brewer T G, Peggins J O, Grate S J, Petras J M, Levine B S, Weina P Jet al. Neurotoxicity in animals due to arteether and artemether. TransR Soc Trop Med Hyg 1994; 88:33-36.
Wongsrichanalai C, Thimasarn K, Sirichaisinthop J. Antimalarial drugcombination policy: a caveat. Lancet 2000; 355:2245-2247.
White N J, Nosten F, Looareesuwan S et al. Averting a malaria disaster.Lancet 1999; 353:1965-1967.
Prasad K, Garner P. Steroids for treating cerebral malaria. CochraneDatabase Syst Rev 2000.
Snow R W, Craig M, Deichmann U, Marsh K. Estimating mortality,morbidity and disability due to malaria among Africa’ s non-pregnantpopulation. Bull World Health Organ 1999; 77:624-640.
van Vugt M, White N J. The treatment of chloroquine-resistantmalaria. Trop Doct 1999; 29:176-9.
Croft A M J, Garner P. Mefloquine for preventing malaria in non-immune adult travelers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000.
Coates C J. A mosquito transformed. Nature 2000; 405:900-901.
Birmingham K. Industry outlines its perspective on new third-worldvaccine development. Nat Med 2000; 6:723-724
Dame J B, Williams J L, McCutchan T F, Weber J L, Wirtz R A,Hockmeyer W T et al.Structure of thegene encoding theimmunodominant surface antigen on the sporozoite of the humanmalaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Science 1984; 225:593-599.
Enea V,Arnot D, Schmidt E C, Cochrane A, Gwadz R, Nussenzweig RS. Circumsporozoite gene of Plasmodium cynomolgi: cDNA cloningand expression of the repetitive circumsporozoite epitope. Proc NatlAcad Sci USA1984; 81:7520-7524.
Robson K J, May J R, Jennings M W, Harris T H, Marsh K, NewboldC I et al. A highly conserved amino-acid sequence in thrombospondin,properdin, and in proteins from sporozoites and blood stages of ahuman malaria parasite. Nature 1988; 335:79-82.
Fidock D A, Sallenave-Sales S, Sherwood J A, Gachihi G S, De FatimaFerreira-Da-Cruz M, Thomas A W et al.Conservation of thePlasmodium falciparumsporozoite surface protein gene, STARP, infield isolates and distinct species of Plasmodium. Mol BiochemParasitol 1994; 67:255-267.
Ménard R. The journey of the malaria sporozoite through its host: twoparasite proteins lead the way. Microbes Infec 2000; 2:633-642.
Lengeler C. Insecticide treated bednets and curtains for preventingmalaria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000.
Roberts D R, Manguin S, Mouchet J. DDT house spraying and re-emerging malaria. Lancet 2000; 356:330-332
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2008 Acta Médica Costarricense
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Los autores que publican en la revista Acta Médica Costarricense pueden distribuir, copiar, remezclar, retocar, leer, descargar, imprimir, buscar y crear a partir de su obra de modo no comercial, indicando los créditos a la revista y sus autores y compartir su obra en las mismas condiciones. Para ello se aplica la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional(CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
