Variación en un solo nucleótido en genes de citocinas como marcadores de enfermedades

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51481/amc.v64i1.1136

Palabras clave:

citocinas, interleucina, factor de necrosis tumoral, variación de un solo nucleótido, polimorfismo de nucleótido único, susceptibilidad a enfermedades

Resumen

Objetivo: describir la asociación de las variantes en los genes que codifican por citocinas participantes en el proceso inflamatorio con la susceptibilidad y la gravedad clínica de las enfermedades.
Métodos: se realizó un estudio documental con revisión de literatura científica encontrada en las siguientes bases de datos: Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Scielo, PLOS, Hinari, Redalyc, Dialnet, Taylor, ProQuest. Se revisaron 84 referencias relacionadas con artículos de investigación, revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis con los términos “variante”, “variante en un solo nucléotido”, “polimorfismo de nucleótido único”, “citocinas proinflamatorias”, “citocinas antiinflamatorias”, “interleucinas”, “factor de necrosis tumoral”, “susceptibilidad genética”, “enfermedades” y “patologías”.
Resultados: La evidencia señala que las variantes en un solo nucleótido se detectan principalmente en regiones promotoras de genes que codifican para citocinas reguladoras de procesos inflamatorios, como son: IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18, IL-22 y el factor de necrosis tumoral.
Conclusiones: La expresión y la producción diferencial de estas citocinas desempeñan un papel relevante en la patogenia y la predisposición a sufrir enfermedades, especialmente metabólicas, malignas, autoinmunes e infecciosas. Se mostró también un efecto diferencial de las variantes según las características étnicas, lo que resulta ser una herramienta eficaz en la medicina preventiva.

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Publicado

2022-07-28

Cómo citar

Betancourth-Arteaga, I. ., Rodriguez-Patiño, E., Gómez-Naranjo, R. F., & Chavez Vivas, M. (2022). Variación en un solo nucleótido en genes de citocinas como marcadores de enfermedades. Acta Médica Costarricense, 64(1), 20–33. https://doi.org/10.51481/amc.v64i1.1136