Fatiga asociada al cáncer de mama luego de un programa de entrenamiento

Autores/as

  • Javier Eliécer Pereira-Rodríguez Universidad Tolteca
  • Devi Geesel Peñaranda-Florez Investigador independiente
  • Ricardo Pereira-Rodríguez Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud
  • Pedro Pereira-Rodríguez Universidad Rafael Núñez
  • Ximena Velásquez-Badillo Clínica San José
  • Yair Alberto Cañizares-Pérez Universidad de Santander

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51481/amc.v62i1.1056

Palabras clave:

cáncer gástrico, fatiga, ejercicio aeróbico, entrenamiento de alta intensidad, fuerza

Resumen

Antecedente y objetivo: el cáncer es una de las enfermedades que genera mayor mortalidad en el mundo. Los programas de rehabilitación basados en ejercicios se muestran efectivos y seguros para mitigar los efectos del cáncer. El objetivo fue determinar los cambios de la fatiga asociada al cáncer de mama luego de un programa de entrenamiento de alta intensidad (HIIT), o continuo a intensidad moderada (MICT).

Métodos: ensayo clínico aleatorizado con 236 pacientes con cáncer de mama en estadio II, distribuidos en 3 grupos (MICT, HIIT y grupo control), a quienes se les aplicó la escala FACT-Fatigue Scale, test de calidad de vida, ecocardiograma, prueba de esfuerzo, tolerancia y percepción al ejercicio mediante la prueba de caminata de los 6 minutos y escala de Borg, respectivamente. El programa de entrenamiento tuvo una duración de 36 sesiones de 70 minutos, 3 veces por semana.

Resultados: luego de comparar los respectivos grupos, se evidenció cambios significativos en todas las variables de los grupos HIIT y MICT (p=<0,05 %) frente al grupo control. Además, hubo una mejoría posentrenamiento, de la fatiga asociada al cáncer de mama en el grupo HIIT (20,4±5,6 vs 5,1±3,6) y MICT (18.6±9.5 vs 8.0±4.2).

Conclusiones: estos tipos de entrenamiento mejoraron la tolerancia al ejercicio, fuerza, vo2 y sobre todo, la fatiga asociada al cáncer y la calidad de vida de las pacientes. Y el grupo control de atención habitual sin entrenamiento físico o ejercicio supervisado, no presentó cambios significativos ni mejoras en la fatiga asociada al cáncer de mama.

Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03915288

Descriptores: cáncer, fatiga, ejercicio aeróbico, entrenamiento de alta intensidad, fuerza.

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Publicado

2020-02-24 — Actualizado el 2020-09-09

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Cómo citar

Pereira-Rodríguez, J. E., Peñaranda-Florez, D. G., Pereira-Rodríguez, R., Pereira-Rodríguez, P., Velásquez-Badillo, X. ., & Cañizares-Pérez, Y. A. (2020). Fatiga asociada al cáncer de mama luego de un programa de entrenamiento. Acta Médica Costarricense, 62(1), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.51481/amc.v62i1.1056 (Original work published 24 de febrero de 2020)