Identificación de genes causales y de susceptibilidad para enfermedades de herencia Mendeliana y compleja

Autores/as

  • Luis Rodríguez Porras Universidad de Costa Rica
  • Henriette Raventos Vorts Universidad de Costa Rica

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51481/amc.v51i1.24

Palabras clave:

desequilibrio de ligamiento, enfermedades multifactoriales, herencia mendeliana, heterogeneidad genética, penetrancia, tamizaje genómico

Resumen

Los factores genéticos participan en la etiología de la mayoría de las enfermedades comunes en la población. Las enfermedades en las que participan factores genéticos pueden ser clasificadas en varias categorías y de acuerdo con las características que presenten, se pueden utilizar distintas estrategias metodológicas para identificar los genes participantes. En la mayoría de las enfermedades con un patrón de herencia mendeliana, se han podido identificar las mutaciones causales de la enfermedad. En las enfermedades complejas, esta búsqueda ha sido menos exitosa a pesar de ser las más frecuentes en la población. Encontrar genes de susceptibilidad es importante no solo para entender el mecanismo de acción de la enfermedad, sino que podría contribuir en el desarrollo de medicamentos más eficaces para el tratamiento, conocer los factores ambientales y desarrollar intervenciones preventivas y, en algunos casos, la aplicación de terapia génica.

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Publicado

2009-01-01

Cómo citar

Rodríguez Porras, L., & Raventos Vorts, H. (2009). Identificación de genes causales y de susceptibilidad para enfermedades de herencia Mendeliana y compleja. Acta Médica Costarricense, 51(1), 10–15. https://doi.org/10.51481/amc.v51i1.24