Revisión Sistemática de indicadores de deseméño hospitalario
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51481/amc.v55i2.789Palabras clave:
Calidad de la Atención de Salud, Indicadores de Calidad de la Atención de Salud, Garantía de la Calidad de Atención de SaludResumen
Antecedentes: el objetivo de este estudio es realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura para identificar indicadores de gestión hospitalaria con suficiente evidencia científica para que sean susceptibles de ser aplicados al grupo de hospitales de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social.
Métodos: se identificaron los estudios relevantes publicados entre el 1° de marzo de 2000 y el 30 de setiembre de 2011 mediante una búsqueda en MEDLINE. Se utilizaron los siguientes descriptores: “hospital performance indicators”, “hospital inpatient quality indicators”, “hospital-performance y top 100 hospitals”.
Resultados: de los 994 artículos identificados, 56 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión: 5% mide el impacto de las estrategias de calidad en los resultados finales del hospital, 13% son revisiones sistemáticas sobre indicadores de desempeño hospitalario, 22% describe el marco conceptual y los indicadores de proyectos de calidad y 60% incluye temas metodológicos varios sobre indicadores de gestión.
Se identificaron 23 agencias que miden el desempeño hospitalario. Asociados a estas agencias existen 383 indicadores. El 51% de estos indicadores son de seguridad al paciente, 29% de efectividad y 10% relacionadas con la oportunidad y la atención centrada en el paciente.
Conclusión: existen un amplio grupo de indicadores de desempeño hospitalario que son susceptibles de ser aplicados en el sistema hospitalario público de Costa Rica. Para lograr su implementación se deben cumplir con una serie de requisitos: revisión del marco de calidad existente actualmente, definición de las medidas, recopilación de datos, análisis e interpretación apropiados y las actuaciones sobre los resultados.
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